His support for alternative medicine, including homeopathy, has been the subject of criticism. As a self-described environmentalist, Charles has spoken publicly about issues such as organic farming and climate change, which has earned him awards and recognition from environmental groups. He founded The Prince's Trust in 1976, sponsors The Prince's Charities, and is a patron, president, or a member of over 400 other charities and organisations. In 2005, Charles married his long-term partner Camilla Parker Bowles.Īs the Prince of Wales, Charles undertakes official duties on behalf of the Queen. Diana died as the result of a car crash in Paris the following year. In 1996, the couple divorced following well-publicised extramarital affairs by both parties. In 1981, he married Lady Diana Spencer, with whom he had two sons: Prince William and Prince Harry. After earning a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Cambridge, Charles served in the Royal Air Force and Royal Navy from 1971 to 1976. He later spent a year at the Timbertop campus of Geelong Grammar School in Victoria, Australia. He was educated at Cheam and Gordonstoun schools, both of which his father attended as a child. Ĭharles was born in Buckingham Palace as the first grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. Upon the death of his father on 9 April 2021, Charles also inherited the title of Duke of Edinburgh. He is the longest-serving Prince of Wales, having held the title since July 1958. He has been heir apparent as well as Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay since 1952 and is both the oldest and the longest-serving heir apparent in British history. His wife, Henrietta Maria had fled abroad earlier in the war, and his other children were also in exile.Charles, Prince of Wales (Charles Philip Arthur George born 14 November 1948), is the heir apparent to the British throne as the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. The next day the King was moved to St James’s Palace.Ĭharles spent the day burning papers, praying and saying sad farewells to his two youngest children, Henry Duke of Gloucester, aged 9 and Princess Elizabeth, who was 11. Charles refused to see anyone but his children and his chaplain, Bishop Juxon. After the trial he was taken by sedan chair a short distance to his old room at Whitehall Palace. Sad FarewellsĬharles I was given just three days to put his affairs in order and say goodbye to his family. He stubbornly refused to accept defeat or submit to the republican authority. He was soon recaptured and kept prisoner at Carisbrooke Castle on the Isle of Wight, where he was well-treated.īut despite many opportunities, Charles refused to repent and seek a negotiated peace. In 1646 Charles was imprisoned by Cromwell and put under house arrest in the old Tudor royal apartments at Hampton Court Palace (pictured), from where he famously escaped. The Battle of Naseby in June 1645 and the defeat of the Royalist army probably marked the turning point in the war, although fighting dragged on until 1649. Gradually the Parliamentarians under military genius Oliver Cromwell began to gain the upper hand in what become the bloodiest war ever fought on English soil. The Royalists made a strong start, and their cavalry remained undefeated until 1644. In this detail of the main canvas, The Apotheosis of James I, his father is portrayed ascending to heaven in a cloud of glory. The magnificent Rubens ceiling painting at the Banqueting House, completed in 1636, was commissioned by Charles to celebrate these divine principles. He genuinely believed that a dictatorship was the only effective form of government. They believed that kings were chosen by God to rule, and that only God could overrule them.Ĭharles also believed that he had the sole right to make laws, so to oppose him was a sin against God. Ceiling detail of the Banqueting House / Wikimedia CommonsĬharles inherited his father’s belief in the Divine Right of Kings, a doctrine upheld by the entire Stuart dynasty, one of the most powerful families ever to have ruled Scotland.
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